PHILADELPHIA (February 1, 2012)— Rates of diabetes vary widely across developing countries worldwide, according to a new analysis led by Dr. Longjian Liu of Drexel University’s School of Public Health. Read More
Effect of Zinc Supplementation on Growth in Very Low Birth Weight Infants
This was a randomized blinded placebo controlled trial undertaken to study the role of zinc supplementation on growth, primarily the linear growth velocity in very low birth weight (VLBW) infants at 3 months corrected age (CA). Read More
Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders–a Case-Control Study from India
Background: Maternal alcohol abuse during pregnancy can lead to fetal neurotoxicity and fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD). Aims: To compare the clinical features and neurobehavioral profiles of children exposed to alcohol during pregnancy with controls. Read More
Food Supplementation as an Incentive to Improve Pre-antiretroviral Therapy Clinic Adherence in HIV-Positive Children–Experience from Eastern India
Objective: To evaluate the importance of food supplementation as incentive in improving preantiretroviral therapy (pre-ART) adherence, and second its impact on health of HIV-infected children by a clinic-based observational study. Methods: HIV-seropositive children aged between 2 and 12 years were followed-up sequentially for 2 years without and with food supplementation, respectively, with monitoring of disease parameters. The outcome morbidity parameters were compared and correlated. Read More
Recombinant Human Granulocyte Colony-stimulating Factor in Preterm Neonates with Sepsis and Relative Neutropenia: a Randomized, Single-Blind, Non-placebo-controlled Trial
We performed a prospective, randomized, single-blind, non-placebo-controlled trial on preterm (<37 weeks) neonates (birth weight <2000g) with sepsis and absolute neutrophil counts (ANC) <5000 cells mm–3 to study the effect of recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rhG-CSF) on all-cause-neonatal mortality and hematological parameters (total leucocyte (TLC, ANC, absolute monocyte and absolute platelet counts). Read More
Evolution of lipid levels in HIV-infected children treated or not with HAART in Abidjan, Cote d’Ivoire
Objective: To describe lipid levels in antiretroviral (ARV)-naïve HIV-infected Ivorian children and assess their evolution after ARV-treatment initiation. Methods: Lipid concentrations were assessed at baseline and at least 6 months later in 93 children. Fifty-six children initiated ARV treatment at baseline, and 37 remained untreated. Read More
Cardiovascular Dysfunction in HIV-infected Children in a Sub-Saharan African Country: Comparative Cross-sectional Observational Study
Objective: Cardiac dysfunction is rarely diagnosed in HIV-infected children in our setting and standard care does not include baseline and follow-up echocardiography. We aimed to determine the prevalence, pattern and predictors of HIV-related cardiac dysfunction. Read More
Structural basis for the killing of human beta cells by CD8+ T cells in type 1 diabetes
Structural basis for the killing of human beta cells by CD8+ T cells in type 1 diabetes
Nature Immunology.
doi:10.1038/ni.2206
Authors: Anna M Bulek, David K Cole, Ania Skowera, Garry Dolton, Stephanie Gras, Florian Madura, Anna Fuller, John J Miles, Emma Gostick, David A Price, Jan W Drijfhout, Robin R Knight, Guo C Huang, Nikolai Lissin, Peter E Molloy, Linda Wooldridge, Bent K Jakobsen, Jamie Rossjohn, Mark Peakman, Pierre J Rizkallah & Andrew K Sewell
Immunotherapy: Low-dose IL-2 therapy expands human regulatory T cell populations
Immunotherapy: Low-dose IL-2 therapy expands human regulatory T cell populations
Nature Reviews Immunology 12, 6 (2012).
doi:10.1038/nri3140
Interleukin-2 (IL-2) promotes both effector T and regulatory T (TReg) cell responses, but it is believed that TReg cells may be more sensitive to IL-2. Two recent studies found that low-dose IL-2 therapy preferentially expands TReg cell populations in
HDAC inhibitors in HIV
HDAC inhibitors in HIV
Immunology and Cell Biology 90,
47 (January 2012). doi:10.1038/icb.2011.95
Authors: Fiona Wightman, Paula Ellenberg, Melissa Churchill
& Sharon R Lewin
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Therapeutic blockade of PD-L1 and LAG-3 rapidly clears established blood-stage Plasmodium infection
Therapeutic blockade of PD-L1 and LAG-3 rapidly clears established blood-stage Plasmodium infection
Nature Immunology.
doi:10.1038/ni.2180
Authors: Noah S Butler, Jacqueline Moebius, Lecia L Pewe, Boubacar Traore, Ogobara K Doumbo, Lorraine T Tygrett, Thomas J Waldschmidt, Peter D Crompton & John T Harty
Diabetes: Tissue bacteria predict diabetes onset
Diabetes: Tissue bacteria predict diabetes onset
Nature Reviews Endocrinology 8, 3 (2012).
doi:10.1038/nrendo.2011.192
Author: Linda Koch
The presence of bacterial components in blood predicts the onset of diabetes mellitus in a large general population, a study in Diabetologia shows.Amar and colleagues studied the ability of a broadly specific bacterial marker (16S rDNA) to predict the onset of diabetes mellitus
Disease Outbreaks- Avian influenza – situation in Indonesia – updateThe Indonesian IHR National Focal Point of the Ministry of Health has notified WHO of a new case of human infection with avian influenza A(H5N1) virus. […]
- Avian influenza – situation in Egypt – updateThe Ministry of Health and Population of Egypt has notified WHO of a new case of human infection with avian influenza A (H5N1) virus. […]
- Avian influenza – situation in Cambodia – updateThe Ministry of Health (MoH) of the Kingdom of Cambodia has announced a confirmed case of human infection with avian influenza A (H5N1) virus. […]
- Lassa fever in NigeriaAt the beginning of 2012, WHO was notified by the Federal Ministry of Health in Nigeria of an outbreak of Lassa fever. As of March 22, 2012, 623 suspected cases, including 70 deaths have been recorded from 19 of the 36 States since the beginning of the year. Laboratory analysis undertaken at the Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital, Irrua Edo State has confirm […]
- Avian influenza – situation in Egypt – updateThe Ministry of Health and Population of Egypt has notified WHO of two new cases of human infection with avian influenza A (H5N1) virus. […]
- Avian influenza – situation in Indonesia – update
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