More than a surgical mission-Pediatric Otolaryngology in Ethiopia.

by: admin - June 14th, 2011   Filed under: PubMed Africa Related Add Comment

More than a surgical mission-Pediatric Otolaryngology in Ethiopia.

Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2011 Jun 6;

Authors: Isaacson G, Buchinsky FJ

OBJECTIVES: Improving the quality of pediatric healthcare in the developing world poses some formidable challenges. Surgical missions aim to improve the lot of individual children, but do little to alter the wellness of the majority. METHODS: Members of the American Society of Pediatric Otolaryngology (ASPO) are working in coordination with existing programs – universities, mission hospitals and non-governmental organizations – with a focus on public health and education of local physicians. RESULTS: We have completed our first four visits to Ethiopia, teaching, performing surgery and building relationships. CONCLUSIONS: We hope that by moving from the traditional surgical mission format to a long-term, integrated educational effort we can enhance otolaryngic care for children in Sub-Saharan Africa.

PMID: 21652088 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Best practices for an insecticide-treated bed net distribution programme in sub-Saharan eastern Africa.

by: admin - June 13th, 2011   Filed under: PubMed Africa Related Add Comment

Best practices for an insecticide-treated bed net distribution programme in sub-Saharan eastern Africa.

Malar J. 2011 Jun 8;10(1):157

Authors: Sexton AR

ABSTRACT: Insecticide-treated bed nets are the preeminent malaria control means; though there is no consensus as to a best practice for large-scale insecticide-treated bed net distribution. In order to determine the paramount distribution method, this review assessed literature on recent insecticide treated bed net distribution programmes throughout sub-Saharan Eastern Africa. Inclusion criteria were that the study had taken place in sub-Saharan Eastern Africa, targeted malaria prevention and control, and occurred between 1996 and 2007. Forty-two studies were identified and reviewed. Read More

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Intensifying the Fight Against Malaria: The World Bank's Booster Program for Malaria Control in Africa (Document of the World Bank) Intensifying the Fight Against Malaria: The World Bank's Booster Program for Malaria Control in Africa (Document of the World Bank) :: Amazon An estimated 500 million cases of malaria occur each year, taking the lives of 1 million people, including 3,000 children each day. Ninety p
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Diversity of response to Trypanosoma brucei gambiense infections in the Forecariah mangrove focus (Guinea): perspectives for a better control of sleeping sickness.

by: admin - June 13th, 2011   Filed under: PubMed Africa Related Add Comment

Diversity of response to Trypanosoma brucei gambiense infections in the Forecariah mangrove focus (Guinea): perspectives for a better control of sleeping sickness.

Microbes Infect. 2011 May 27;

Authors: Ilboudo H, Jamonneau V, Camara M, Camara O, Dama E, Léno M, Ouendeno F, Courtin F, Sakande H, Sanon R, Kaboré J, Coulibaly B, N’dri L, Diarra A, N’goran E, Bucheton B

At a time when human African trypanosomiasis (HAT) elimination again seems a reachable goal in many parts of sub-Saharan Africa, it is becoming increasingly important to characterise the factors involved in disease resurgence or maintenance to develop sustainable control strategies. In this study conducted in the Forecariah mangrove focus in Guinea, HAT patients and serological suspects (SERO) were identified through mass screening of the population with the Card Agglutination Test for Trypanosomiasis (CATT) and were followed up for up to 2 years. Read More

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Older Adults’ Perspectives on HIV/AIDS Prevention Strategies for Rural Kenya.

by: admin - June 12th, 2011   Filed under: HIV/Aids, PubMed Africa Related Add Comment

Older Adults’ Perspectives on HIV/AIDS Prevention Strategies for Rural Kenya.

Health Commun. 2011 May 27;:1-12

Authors: Muturi N, Mwangi S

HIV/AIDS is devastating sub-Saharan Africa with great impact in the rural communities. Though prevention is the mainstay of various responses to the epidemic, communication strategies used to influence risk perception and motivate behavior change are culturally inappropriate, hence the lack of success. The bulk of prevention efforts target the 15-49 age group, resulting in limited knowledge and understanding of HIV/AIDS in adults over age 50 who are considered at a lower or no risk of infection. Read More

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HIV/AIDS and Older Adults: Challenges for Individuals, Families, and Communities HIV/AIDS and Older Adults: Challenges for Individuals, Families, and Communities :: Amazon This volume focuses on the ways in which HIV/AIDS can affect older adults. The chapters in this book discuss the variety of HIV/AIDS problem
HIV/AIDS: Global Frontiers in Prevention/Intervention HIV/AIDS: Global Frontiers in Prevention/Intervention :: Amazon HIV/AIDS: Global Frontiers in Prevention/Intervention provides a comprehensive overview of the global HIV/AIDS epidemic. The unique antholog
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Patterns of herpes simplex virus shedding over 1 month and the impact of acyclovir and HIV in HSV-2-seropositive women in Tanzania.

by: admin - June 12th, 2011   Filed under: PubMed Africa Related Add Comment

Patterns of herpes simplex virus shedding over 1 month and the impact of acyclovir and HIV in HSV-2-seropositive women in Tanzania.

Sex Transm Infect. 2011 Jun 8;

Authors: Tanton C, Weiss HA, Legoff J, Changalucha J, Clayton TC, Ross DA, Belec L, Hayes RJ, Watson-Jones D

Objectives: Few studies have examined the frequency and duration of genital herpes simplex virus (HSV) shedding in sub-Saharan Africa. This study describes HSV shedding patterns among a sample of HSV-2-seropositive women enrolled in a placebo-controlled trial of HSV suppressive therapy (acyclovir 400 mg twice a day) in Tanzania. Read More

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Herpes Simplex Virus Protocols (Methods in Molecular Medicine) Herpes Simplex Virus Protocols (Methods in Molecular Medicine) :: Amazon An outstanding collection of state-of-the-art experimental methods for herpes virology. These procedures range from the more biological in v
Herpes Simplex Virus Epithelial Keratitis: In Vivo Morphology in the Human Cornea Herpes Simplex Virus Epithelial Keratitis: In Vivo Morphology in the Human Cornea :: Amazon This book on Herpes Simplex Virus Epithelial Keratitis shows a kind of 'living histology', revealing both morphological and dynamic features
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Short communication: evidence of HIV type 1 complex and second generation recombinant strains among patients infected in 1997-2007 in France: ANRS CO06 PRIMO Cohort.

by: admin - March 21st, 2011   Filed under: PubMed Africa Related Add Comment

Short communication: evidence of HIV type 1 complex and second generation recombinant strains among patients infected in 1997-2007 in France: ANRS CO06 PRIMO Cohort.

AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 2010 Jun;26(6):645-51

Authors: Galimand J, Frange P, Rouzioux C, Deveau C, Avettand-Fenoël V, Ghosn J, Lascoux C, Goujard C, Meyer L, Chaix ML

Although subtype B strains are still predominant in France, non-B viruses have been isolated from 26% of patients with a primary HIV-1 infection in 2005-2006. The objective of this study was to characterize recombinant-HIV-1 strains by a subtyping based on the phylogenetic analysis of both pol and env sequences. We studied 591 patients who were part of the French PRIMO-Cohort between 1997 and 2007. The RT and V3 regions were sequenced and phylogenetic analyses were performed. Read More

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Characteristics of HIV-infected children seen in Western Kenya.

by: admin - March 16th, 2011   Filed under: PubMed Africa Related Add Comment
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Characteristics of HIV-infected children seen in Western Kenya.

East Afr Med J. 2009 Aug;86(8):364-73

Authors: Nyandiko WM, Mwangi A, Ayaya SO, Nabakwe EC, Tenge CN, Gisore PM, Vreeman RC

Source: Freebase

Source: Freebase

OBJECTIVES: To describe the characteristics and outcomes of children registered for care in a large HIV care programme in Western Kenya. DESIGN: A retrospective descriptive study. SETTING: USAID-AMPATH HIV clinics in health centres; district and sub-district hospitals; Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital in Western Kenya. SUBJECTS: HIV-infected children below age of 15 years seen in a network of 18 clinics in Western Kenya. INTERVENTIONS: Paediatric HIV diagnosis and care including treatment and prevention of opportunistic infections and provision of combination antiretroviral therapy (CART). Read More

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HIV Infection in Children: A Guide to Practical Management HIV Infection in Children: A Guide to Practical Management :: Amazon This very practical and concise volume discusses the epidemiology, diagnosis, natural history, and care of the HIV-infected child. It will b
Perinatal HIV Infection, An Issue of Clinics in Perinatology (The Clinics: Internal Medicine) Perinatal HIV Infection, An Issue of Clinics in Perinatology (The Clinics: Internal Medicine) :: Amazon This issue of Clinics in Perinatology, guest edited by Drs. Athena Kourtis and Marc Bulterys, examines Perinatal HIV/AIDS. Authorities in th
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Net survival of perinatally and postnatally HIV-infected children: a pooled analysis of individual data from sub-Saharan Africa.

by: admin - March 10th, 2011   Filed under: PubMed Africa Related Add Comment
drugs

Net survival of perinatally and postnatally HIV-infected children: a pooled analysis of individual data from sub-Saharan Africa.

Int J Epidemiol. 2011 Jan 18;

Authors: Marston M, Becquet R, Zaba B, Moulton LH, Gray G, Coovadia H, Essex M, Ekouevi DK, Jackson D, Coutsoudis A, Kilewo C, Leroy V, Wiktor S, Nduati R, Msellati P, Dabis F, Newell ML, Ghys PD

BACKGROUND: Previously, HIV epidemic models have used a double Weibull curve to represent high initial and late mortality of HIV-infected children, without distinguishing timing of infection (peri- or post-natally). With more data on timing of infection, which may be associated with disease progression, a separate representation of children infected early and late was proposed. METHODS: Paediatric survival post-HIV infection without anti-retroviral treatment was calculated using pooled data from 12 studies with known timing of HIV infection. Children were grouped into perinatally or post-natally infected. Read More

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AIDS in Africa: A Pandemic on the Move AIDS in Africa: A Pandemic on the Move :: Amazon Sub-Saharan Africa has been more severely affected by AIDS than any other part of the world. The United Nations reports that 25.4 million ad
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The Role of Syk/CARD9-Coupled C-Type Lectin Receptors in Immunity to Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infections.

by: admin - March 2nd, 2011   Filed under: PubMed Africa Related Add Comment

The Role of Syk/CARD9-Coupled C-Type Lectin Receptors in Immunity to Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infections.

Clin Dev Immunol. 2010;2010:567571

Authors: Marakalala MJ, Graham LM, Brown GD

There is increasing interest in understanding the mechanisms underlying the interactions that occur between Mycobacterium tuberculosis and host innate immune cells. These cells express pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) which recognise mycobacterial pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and which can influence the host immune response to the infection. Although many of the PRRs appear to be redundant in the control of M. tuberculosis infection in vivo, recent discoveries have revealed a key, nonredundant, role of the Syk/CARD9 signalling pathway in antimycobacterial immunity. Here we review these discoveries, as well as recent data investigating the role of the Syk/CARD9-coupled PRRs that have been implicated in mycobacterial recognition, including Dectin-1 and Mincle.

PMID: 21274433 [PubMed - in process]

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Reasons for Ineligibility in Phase 1 and 2A HIV Vaccine Clinical Trials at Kenya Aids Vaccine Initiative (KAVI), Kenya.

by: admin - February 20th, 2011   Filed under: PubMed Africa Related Add Comment

Reasons for Ineligibility in Phase 1 and 2A HIV Vaccine Clinical Trials at Kenya Aids Vaccine Initiative (KAVI), Kenya.

PLoS One. 2011;6(1):e14580

Authors: Omosa-Manyonyi GS, Jaoko W, Anzala O, Ogutu H, Wakasiaka S, Malogo R, Nyange J, Njuguna P, Ndinya-Achola J, Bhatt K, Farah B, Oyaro M, Schmidt C, Priddy F, Fast P

With the persistent challenges towards controlling the HIV epidemic, there is an ongoing need for research into HIV vaccines and drugs. Sub-Saharan African countries – worst affected by the HIV pandemic – have participated in the conduct of clinical trials for HIV vaccines. In Kenya, the Kenya AIDS Vaccine Initiative (KAVI) at the University of Nairobi has conducted HIV vaccine clinical trials since 2001.

PMID: 21283743 [PubMed - in process]

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Smear-negative, culture-positive pulmonary tuberculosis among patients with chronic cough in Cotonou, Benin.

by: admin - February 20th, 2011   Filed under: PubMed Africa Related Add Comment

Smear-negative, culture-positive pulmonary tuberculosis among patients with chronic cough in Cotonou, Benin. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2011 Jan;15(1):67-70 Authors: Affolabi D, Akpona R, Odoun M, Alidjinou K, Wachinou P, Anagonou S, Gninafon M, Trébucq A The main tuberculosis (TB) centre in Benin, West Africa, where only 2% of adult pulmonary TB cases are sputum smear-negative, all other pulmonary cases being smear-positive. PMID: 21276299 [PubMed - in process] Go to Source

High prevalence of multi-drug resistant tuberculosis in Johannesburg, South Africa: a cross sectional study.

by: admin - February 16th, 2011   Filed under: PubMed Africa Related Add Comment

High prevalence of multi-drug resistant tuberculosis in Johannesburg, South Africa: a cross sectional study.

BMC Infect Dis. 2011 Jan 26;11(1):28

Authors: Fairlie L, Beylis NC, Reubenson G, Moore DP, Madhi SA

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: There are limited data on the prevalence of multi-drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB), estimated at 0.6-6.7 %, in African children with tuberculosis. We undertook a retrospective analysis of the prevalence of MDR-TB in children with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) at two hospitals in Johannesburg, South Africa. Read More

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The Treatment of Tuberculosis: Guidelines The Treatment of Tuberculosis: Guidelines :: Amazon The World Health Organization's Stop TB Department has prepared this fourth edition of Treatment of Tuberculosis: Guidelines , adhering full
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