Serology and cytokine profiles in patients infected with the newly discovered Bundibugyo ebolavirus.

by: admin - April 16th, 2012   Filed under: Infectious disease Add Comment

Serology and cytokine profiles in patients infected with the newly discovered Bundibugyo ebolavirus.

Virology. 2012 Feb 20;423(2):119-24

Authors: Gupta M, MacNeil A, Reed ZD, Rollin PE, Spiropoulou CF

Abstract

A new species of Ebolavirus, Bundibugyo ebolavirus, was discovered in an outbreak in western Uganda in November 2007. To study the correlation between fatal infection and immune response in Bundibugyo ebolavirus infection, viral antigen, antibodies, and 17 soluble factors important for innate immunity were examined in 44 patient samples. Read More

References

  • Gupta M, MacNeil A, Reed ZD, Rollin PE, Spiropoulou CF. Serology and cytokine profiles in patients infected with the newly discovered Bundibugyo ebolavirus. Virology. 2012 Feb 20;423(2):119-24. PMID: 22197674.
Tags: , , , , ,

Ebola GP-Specific Monoclonal Antibodies Protect Mice and Guinea Pigs from Lethal Ebola Virus Infection

by: admin - April 2nd, 2012   Filed under: PLOS NTDs Add Comment

by Xiangguo Qiu, Lisa Fernando, P. Leno Melito, Jonathan Audet, Heinz Feldmann, Gary Kobinger, Judie B. Alimonti, Steven M. Jones

Ebola virus (EBOV) causes acute hemorrhagic fever in humans and non-human primates with mortality rates up to 90%. So far there are no effective treatments available. Read More

Tags: , ,

A Multicenter Evaluation of Diagnostic Tools to Define Endpoints for Programs to Eliminate Bancroftian Filariasis

by: admin - January 23rd, 2012   Filed under: PLOS NTDs Add Comment

by Katherine Gass, Madsen V. E. Beau de Rochars, Daniel Boakye, Mark Bradley, Peter U. Fischer, John Gyapong, Makoto Itoh, Nese Ituaso-Conway, Hayley Joseph, Dominique Kyelem, Sandra J. Laney, Anne-Marie Legrand, Tilaka S. Liyanage, Wayne Melrose, Khalfan Mohammed, Nils Pilotte, Eric A. Ottesen, Catherine Plichart, Kapa Ramaiah, Ramakrishna U. Rao, Jeffrey Talbot, Gary J. Weil, Steven A. Williams, Kimberly Y. Won, Patrick Lammie

Successful mass drug administration (MDA) campaigns have brought several countries near the point of Lymphatic Filariasis (LF) elimination. A diagnostic tool is needed to determine when the prevalence levels have decreased to a point that MDA campaigns can be discontinued without the threat of recrudescence. A six-country study was conducted assessing the performance of seven diagnostic tests, including tests for microfilariae (blood smear, PCR), parasite antigen (ICT, Og4C3) and antifilarial antibody (Bm14, PanLF, Urine SXP). Read More

Tags: , ,

Analysis of Epitopes on Dengue Virus Envelope Protein Recognized by Monoclonal Antibodies and Polyclonal Human Sera by a High Throughput Assay

by: admin - January 10th, 2012   Filed under: PLOS NTDs Add Comment

by Hong-En Lin, Wen-Yang Tsai, I-Ju Liu, Pi-Chun Li, Mei-Ying Liao, Jih-Jin Tsai, Yi-Chieh Wu, Chih-Yun Lai, Chih-Hsuan Lu, Jyh-Hsiung Huang, Gwong-Jen Chang, Han-Chung Wu, Wei-Kung Wang

Background

The envelope (E) protein of dengue virus (DENV) is the major target of neutralizing antibodies and vaccine development. While previous studies on domain III or domain I/II alone have reported several epitopes of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against DENV E protein, the possibility of interdomain epitopes and the relationship between epitopes and neutralizing potency remain largely unexplored. Read More

Tags: , ,

Toxoplasma gondii infection in workers occupationally exposed to unwashed raw fruits and vegetables: a case control seroprevalence study

by: admin - January 2nd, 2012   Filed under: Parasites & Vectors Add Comment

Background:
Through a case control seroprevalence study, we sought to determine the association of Toxoplasma gondii infection with occupational exposure to unwashed raw fruits and vegetables. Read More

Similar Products: Powered by TextWise

Opportunistic Infections: Toxoplasma, Sarcocystis, and Microsporidia (World Class Parasites) Opportunistic Infections: Toxoplasma, Sarcocystis, and Microsporidia (World Class Parasites) :: Amazon Opportunistic Infections: Toxoplasma, Sarcocystis, and Microsporidia will focus on two important Genera of Apicomplexan parasites, Toxoplasm
Tags: ,

Seropravalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection among horses in Tunisia

by: admin - December 4th, 2011   Filed under: Parasites & Vectors Add Comment

Background:
The present study was conducted to investigate the serological survey of Toxoplasma antibodies in local.horses from three major regions: a neighbourhood of a city in the North (Sidi Thabet), a neighbourhood of a city on the coast (Monastir) and a neighbourhood of a city in the middle (Battan) of Tunisia (North of Africa). Read More

Tags: , ,

Scripps Research team finds a weak spot on deadly ebolavirus

by: admin - November 22nd, 2011   Filed under: HIV/Aids Add Comment

LA JOLLA, CA – November 20, 2011 – Scientists from The Scripps Research Institute and the US Army’s Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases have isolated and analyzed an antibody that neutralizes Sudan virus, a major species of ebolavirus and one of the most dangerous human pathogens. Read More

Tags: , , , ,

Serologic cross-reactivity of human IgM and IgG antibodies to five species of Ebola virus.

by: admin - October 12th, 2011   Filed under: Infectious disease Add Comment

Serologic cross-reactivity of human IgM and IgG antibodies to five species of Ebola virus.

PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2011 Jun;5(6):e1175

Authors: Macneil A, Reed Z, Rollin PE

Abstract

Five species of Ebola virus (EBOV) have been identified, with nucleotide differences of 30-45% between species. Four of these species have been shown to cause Ebola hemorrhagic fever (EHF) in humans and a fifth species (Reston ebolavirus) is capable of causing a similar disease in non-human primates. Read More

Tags: , , , , ,

Effect of praziquantel treatment of Schistosoma mansoni during pregnancy on immune responses to schistosome antigens among the offspring: results of a randomised, placebo-controlled trial.

by: admin - September 12th, 2011   Filed under: BMC Infectious Diseases Add Comment

Background:
Offspring of women with schistosomiasis may exhibit immune responsiveness to schistosomes due to in utero sensitisation or trans-placental transfer of antibodies. Praziquantel treatment during pregnancy boosts maternal immune responses to schistosome antigens and reduces worm burden. Effects of praziquantel treatment during pregnancy on responses among offspring are unknown. Read More

Tags: , , , , ,

AIDS researchers isolate new potent and broadly effective antibodies against HIV

by: admin - August 18th, 2011   Filed under: HIV/Aids Add Comment

Discovery provides new directions for AIDS vaccine design

NEW YORK, NY, LA JOLLA and SOUTH SAN FRANCISCO, CA, SEATTLE, WA, August 17, 2011 — A team of researchers at and associated with the International AIDS Vaccine Initiative (IAVI), The Scripps Research Institute, the biotechnology company Theraclone Sciences and Monogram Biosciences Inc., a LabCorp company, report in the current issue of Nature the isolation of 17 novel antibodies capable of neutralizing a broad spectrum of variants of HIV, the virus that causes AIDS. Read More

Similar Products: Powered by TextWise

AIDS Vaccine Development: Challenges and Opportunities AIDS Vaccine Development: Challenges and Opportunities :: Amazon The HIV/AIDS pandemic is the most devastating global public health crisis since the great plagues of the Middle Ages, with more than 14,000
AIDS Vaccine Research AIDS Vaccine Research :: Amazon This reference describes the latest advances in the development and design of an HIV preventive vaccine-detailing the pathogenesis and genet
Tags: , , , ,

Surveillance of vector populations and malaria transmission during the 2009/10 El Nino event in the western Kenya highlands: opportunities for early detection of malaria hyper-transmission

by: admin - July 29th, 2011   Filed under: Parasites & Vectors Add Comment

Background:

Vector control in the highlands of western Kenya has resulted in a significant reduction of malaria transmission and a change in the vectorial system. Climate variability as a result of events such as El Nino increases the highlands suitability for malaria transmission. Surveillance and monitoring is an important component of early transmission risk identification and management.

However, below certain disease transmission thresholds, traditional tools for surveillance such as entomological inoculation rates may become insensitive. A rapid diagnostic kit comprising Plasmodium falciparum circumsporozoite surface protein and merozoite surface protein antibodies in humans was tested for early detection of transmission surges in the western Kenya highlands during an El Nino event (October 2009-February 2010).

Methods: Indoor resting female adult malaria vectors were collected in western Kenya highlands in four selected villages categorized into two valley systems, the U-shaped (Iguhu and Emutete) and the V-shaped valleys (Marani and Fort Ternan) for eight months. Members of the Anopheles gambiae complex were identified by PCR. Blood samples were collected from children 6-15 years old and exposure to malaria was tested using a circum-sporozoite protein and merozoite surface protein immunchromatographic rapid diagnostic test kit. Sporozoite ELISA was conducted to detect circum-sporozoite protein, later used for estimation of entomological inoculation rates.

Results:

Among the four villages studied, an upsurge in antibody levels was first observed in October 2009. Plasmodium falciparum sporozoites were then first observed in December 2009 at Iguhu village and February 2010 at Emutete. Despite the upsurge in Marani and Fort Ternan no sporozoites were detected throughout the eight month study period. The antibody-based assay had much earlier transmission detection ability than the sporozoite-based assay.

The proportion of An. arabiensis among An. gambiae s.l. ranged from 2.9-66.7% indicating a rearrangement of the sibling species of the An. gambiae s.l complex. This is possibly an adaptation to insecticide interventions and climate change. Conclusion: The changing malaria transmission rates in the western Kenya highlands will lead to more unstable transmission, decreased immunity and a high vulnerability to epidemics unless surveillance tools are improved and effective vector control is sustained.

Go to Source

Tags: , , , , ,

Plasmodium falciparum Merozoite Invasion Is Inhibited by Antibodies that Target the PfRh2a and b Binding Domains

by: admin - June 23rd, 2011   Filed under: PLos Pathogens Add Comment

by Tony Triglia, Lin Chen, Sash Lopaticki, Chaitali Dekiwadia, David T. Riglar, Anthony N. Hodder, Stuart A. Ralph, Jake Baum, Alan F. Cowman

Plasmodium falciparum, the causative agent of the most severe form of malaria in humans invades erythrocytes using multiple ligand-receptor interactions. The P. falciparum reticulocyte binding-like homologue proteins (PfRh or PfRBL) are important for entry of the invasive merozoite form of the parasite into red blood cells. We have analysed two members of this protein family, PfRh2a and PfRh2b, and show they undergo a complex series of proteolytic cleavage events before and during merozoite invasion. We show that PfRh2a undergoes a cleavage event in the transmembrane region during invasion consistent with activity of the membrane associated PfROM4 protease that would result in release of the ectodomain into the supernatant. Read More

Tags: , , , , , , ,

Copyright 2002-2012 MednewsAfrica. Creative Commons

WordPress Mobile Themes