Epidemiological synergy of Trichomonas vaginalis and HIV in Zimbabwean and South African women.

by: admin - October 22nd, 2010   Filed under: PubMed Africa Related Add Comment
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Epidemiological synergy of Trichomonas vaginalis and HIV in Zimbabwean and South African women.

Sex Transm Dis. 2010 Jul;37(7):460-6

Authors: Mavedzenge SN, Pol BV, Cheng H, Montgomery ET, Blanchard K, de Bruyn G, Ramjee G, Straten A

BACKGROUND: Trichomonas vaginalis (T. vaginalis) is the most common nonviral sexually transmitted infection in the world. Despite the coexisting global epidemics of T. vaginalis and HIV, little attention has focused on the emerging evidence that T. vaginalis increases susceptibility to, and potentially transmission of, HIV. Read More

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OHSU research reveals possible method for boosting the immune system to protect infants against HIV

by: admin - October 4th, 2010   Filed under: HIV/Aids Add Comment

Researchers at Oregon Health &Science University may have uncovered a new weapon for combating HIV as it is passed from mother to newborn child. The research, which was led by researchers at OHSU’s Oregon National Primate Research Center, will be published in the October 3rd online edition of the journal Nature Medicine. Read More

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Testing African couples for HIV is cost-effective prevention strategy

by: admin - October 1st, 2010   Filed under: HIV/Aids Add Comment

As researchers and policymakers work toward an effective HIV vaccine in a constrained global economy, cost-effective prevention strategies such as Couples Voluntary Counseling and Testing (CVCT) must take a larger role in efforts to decrease the rates of HIV/AIDS in Africa, says Emory University HIV/AIDS vaccine researcher Susan Allen, MD, MPH. Read More

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Antiretroviral drug resistance–implications for HIV/AIDS reduction in sub-saharan Africa and other developing countries.

by: admin - September 30th, 2010   Filed under: PubMed Africa Related Add Comment

Antiretroviral drug resistance–implications for HIV/AIDS reduction in sub-saharan Africa and other developing countries.

Niger J Med. 2010 Jul-Sep;19(3):302-10

Authors: Obiako OR, Murktar HM, Ogoina D

BACKGROUND: The introduction of the highly active antiretroviral therapy in the mid-1990s has significantly reduced morbidities and prolonged the lifespan of people living with HIV However, the emergence of resistance to the antiretroviral drugs is becoming a major cause of treatment failure. While the problem of drug resistance is being tackled in developed countries, not much seem to be done in this regard in developing countries of Africa, Asia and Latin America. This review looked at the regional distribution of HIV groups and subtypes and how this has affected the pattern of antiretroviral resistance. Read More

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Primary Human Mammary Epithelial Cells Endocytose HIV-1 and Facilitate Viral Infection of CD4+ T Lymphocytes [Pathogenesis and Immunity]

by: admin - September 23rd, 2010   Filed under: Journal of Virology Add Comment

The contribution of mammary epithelial cells (MEC) to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) in breast milk remains largely unknown. While breast milk contains CD4+ cells throughout the breast-feeding period, it is not known whether MEC directly support HIV-1 infection or facilitate infection of CD4+ cells in the breast compartment. Read More

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PRO2000 vaginal gel for prevention of HIV-1 infection (Microbicides Development Programme 301): a phase 3, randomised, double-blind, parallel-group trial.

by: admin - September 23rd, 2010   Filed under: PubMed Africa Related Add Comment

PRO2000 vaginal gel for prevention of HIV-1 infection (Microbicides Development Programme 301): a phase 3, randomised, double-blind, parallel-group trial.

Lancet. 2010 Sep 17;

Authors: McCormack S, Ramjee G, Kamali A, Rees H, Crook AM, Gafos M, Jentsch U, Pool R, Chisembele M, Kapiga S, Mutemwa R, Vallely A, Palanee T, Sookrajh Y, Lacey CJ, Darbyshire J, Grosskurth H, Profy A, Nunn A, Hayes R, Weber J

BACKGROUND: Innovative prevention strategies for HIV-1 transmission are urgently needed. PRO2000 vaginal gel was efficacious against HIV-1 transmission in studies in macaques; we aimed to assess efficacy and safety of 2% and 0·5% PRO2000 gels against vaginal HIV-1 transmission in women in sub-Saharan Africa. Read More

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Persistence of Genital Tract T Cell Responses in HIV-Infected Women on Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy [Pathogenesis and Immunity]

by: admin - September 22nd, 2010   Filed under: Journal of Virology Add Comment

Initiation of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) for HIV-infected individuals is associated with control of viremia, improved CD4 counts, and declining systemic HIV-specific immune responses. While HAART effectively reduces plasma viremia, it remains unclear how effectively antiretroviral drugs reach mucosal surfaces, such as those of the genital tract. Read More

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Insights on hiv pre-test counseling following scaling-up of PMTCT program in rural health posts, Burkina Faso.

by: admin - September 16th, 2010   Filed under: PubMed Africa Related Add Comment

Insights on hiv pre-test counseling following scaling-up of PMTCT program in rural health posts, Burkina Faso.

East Afr J Public Health. 2009 Dec;6(3):280-6

Authors: Sarker M, Papy J, Traore S, Neuhann F

BACKGROUND: Quality of pre-test counseling in empowering women to make informed decisions related to HIV/AIDS is regarded as a key element to ensure effectiveness of PMTCT interventions. This cross-sectional study examined how well HIV testing services with ‘Opt in’ strategy are being delivered following scaling-up of PMTCT programs in rural peripheral health centers in Burkina Faso. Read More

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The Effect of Community-Based Support Services on Clinical Efficacy and Health-Related Quality of Life in HIV/AIDS Patients in Resource-Limited Settings in Sub-Saharan Africa.

by: admin - September 6th, 2010   Filed under: PubMed Africa Related Add Comment

The Effect of Community-Based Support Services on Clinical Efficacy and Health-Related Quality of Life in HIV/AIDS Patients in Resource-Limited Settings in Sub-Saharan Africa.

AIDS Patient Care STDS. 2010 Aug 28;

Authors: Kabore I, Bloem J, Etheredge G, Obiero W, Wanless S, Doykos P, Ntsekhe P, Mtshali N, Afrikaner E, Sayed R, Bostwelelo J, Hani A, Moshabesha T, Kalaka A, Mameja J, Zwane N, Shongwe N, Mtshali P, Mohr B, Smuts A, Tiam A

Abstract Antiretroviral therapy (ART) for HIV/AIDS in developing countries has been rapidly scaled up through directed public and private resources. Data on the efficacy of ART in developing countries are limited, as are operational research studies to determine the effect of selected nonmedical supportive care services on health outcomes in patients receiving ART. Read More

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The health education nurse faced with an African HIV-infected patient

by: admin - September 6th, 2010   Filed under: PubMed Africa Related Add Comment

[The health education nurse faced with an African HIV-infected patient]

Soins. 2010 Jul-Aug;(747):31-2

Authors: Tocheport P

The health education nurse faced with an African HIV-infected patient. Disease and death are represented in a completely different manner in Sub-Saharan Africa than in the West. The role of the health education nurse working with African HIV-infected patients requires a socio-ethnological understanding of this cultural context in order to provide a global, personalised and adapted treatment.

PMID: 20799487 [PubMed - in process]

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Antihistamines are superior to topical steroids in managing human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated papular pruritic eruption.

by: admin - August 31st, 2010   Filed under: PubMed Africa Related Add Comment

Antihistamines are superior to topical steroids in managing human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated papular pruritic eruption.

Int J Dermatol. 2010 Jan;49(1):83-6

Authors: Navarini AA, Stoeckle M, Navarini S, Mossdorf E, Jullu BS, Mchomvu R, Mbata M, Kibatala P, Tanner M, Hatz C, Schmid-Grendelmeier P

Papular pruritic eruption (PPE) is a frequent HIV-comorbidity in tropical countries. Because of constant itching and social stigma, effective treatment is highly valued. In our HIV cohort in rural Tanzania with 12% prevalence of PPE, we have retrospectively analyzed responses to available treatments. Oral promethazine improved itching (P < 0.0058) and clinical scores (P < 0.032) significantly more than topical steroids. Disease activity did not correlate with CD4+ and CD8+ T cell counts and was independent of anti-retroviral medication. Therefore, oral antihistamines are an effective first-line treatment for PPE.

PMID: 20465620 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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Modeling contextual determinants of HIV/AIDS prevalence in South Africa to inform policy.

by: admin - August 31st, 2010   Filed under: PubMed Africa Related Add Comment

Modeling contextual determinants of HIV/AIDS prevalence in South Africa to inform policy.

Afr J Reprod Health. 2009 Sep;13(3):53-69

Authors: Bouare O

There is a voluminous literature on HIV/AIDS and South Africa. However, no study focuses on the modeling of contextual factors concerning HIV/AIDS prevalence in South Africa. In this paper, two models of contextual behavioral risk factors of HIV/AIDS prevalence were developed so that policy makers can be alerted to the key variables in order to help curb the spread of the disease. Read More

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