Risk of being seropositive for multiple human papillomavirus types among Finnish and Ugandan women.
Scand J Infect Dis. 2010 Jul;42(6-7):522-6
Authors: Namujju PB, Surcel HM, Kirnbauer R, Kaasila M, Banura C, Byaruhanga R, Muwanga M, Mbidde EK, Koskela P, Lehtinen M
Although infections with multiple human papillomavirus (HPV) types have been reported widely, more information is needed on the occurrence of the different types. We determined the distribution of seroprevalences to multiple HPV types in Finland and Uganda to compare the epidemiology of the different HPV types in the 2 populations. Serum samples were obtained from 2784 Finnish and 1964 Ugandan women (mean ages 22 y and 25 y, respectively) of whom 44% and 57%, respectively, had antibodies to at least 1 of the 7 HPV types (6, 11, 16, 18, 31, 33, 45) tested (p < 0.001). Multiple HPV antibody positivity was common. HPV45-seropositive Finns had a higher risk of having antibodies to other high-risk HPV types: HPV18 (odds ratio (OR) = 10.9), HPV31 (OR 6.1), HPV33 (OR 12.2), than their Ugandan counterparts: HPV18 (OR 3.4), HPV31 (OR 2.2), HPV33 (OR 3.3).
Increased estimates for being double antibody-positive were also noted among HPV18- and HPV16-seropositive women, but there were no major differences between HPV16-seropositive Finns and Ugandans. In addition to biological and behavioural factors, iatrogenic and societal factors (screening vs no screening) may also result in the different occurrence of infections with the high-risk HPV types in Finland and Uganda.
PMID: 20180681 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
A group of trained coaches and leaders under the umbrella Restoring Our Children’s Hope (ROCH) has conducted a one day sensitization and awareness campaign on HIV/AIDS for over 334 young people in Gbamlesiewlor. Gbamlesiewlor is one of the biggest communities in Hoffman Station Township near Harper, Maryland County.
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Knowledge, attitude and practices study on reproductive health among secondary school students in Bolgatanga, upper east region, Ghana.
Afr J Reprod Health. 2009 Dec;13(4):51-66
Authors: Rondini S, Krugu JK
This study was conducted within the secondary school student population of the Bolgatanga community, in Northern Ghana, to learn about knowledge, attitude and practices of reproductive health of this adolescent student population. Both quantitative and qualitative data were collected on adolescence perception, STIs and HIV/AIDS, family planning, male-female relationship, and vulnerability to sexual violence. The data collected show a concerning low familiarity of the student population with family planning methods and HIV/AIDS transmission, which, combined with minimal contraceptive use, pose them at high risk for unwanted pregnancies and sexual infections transmission. We argue that poor infrastructures and low accessibility of these rural areas in Northern Ghana may have led to uneven distribution of reproductive health educational programs in the country, urging more programs and interventions aimed particularly at these high risk groups.
PMID: 20690273 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Unmet reproductive health needs and health-seeking behaviour of adolescents in Owerri, Nigeria.
Afr J Reprod Health. 2010 Mar;14(1):43-54
Authors: Okereke CI
The study examined unmet reproductive health needs and health-seeking behaviour of adolescents in Owerri, Nigeria. Primary information was obtained through questionnaire, FGDs and in-depth interviews. The adolescents were mostly Christians (99.6%) and Catholics (78.6%), with 66.4% living with their parents. Half (50.8%) of the adolescents have had sex. Contraceptive use was low, due to culture. Data showed that 27.2% of the ever had sex have had STIs, mostly gonorrhea and syphilis; 30.2% of the female adolescents have had unintended pregnancies, amongst who 73.3% had recurrent pregnancies and 19.6% of all the females have had abortion. The primary contact for health-care was patent medicine operators. In conclusion, more accessible and cost-effective method of disseminating STI/HIV information involving the use of vernacular and traditional/local opinion leaders should be used.
PMID: 20695138 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Salim and Quarraisha Abdool Karim, husband and wife, and co-principle researchers on the Centre for AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa (CAPRISA) trial, received a standing ovation at the recent International AIDS Society Conference in Vienna when they announced their results, which showed—for the first time—that the use of an antiretroviral microbicidal gel can protect against HIV transmission. Mathematical modelling suggests that, in South Africa alone, this gel can prevent up to 1·3 million new infections and 8000 HIV-related deaths during the next 20 years.
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More Ugandan HIV patients are set to receive life-prolonging medication after the United States President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) responded to appeals by healthcare providers overwhelmed by patients they could not afford to treat by lifting funding caps.
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